Abstract: Aiming at the problem of ammonium salt crystallization blockage in atmospheric tower of 3# atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, the source of nitrogen at the top of atmospheric tower was analyzed in detail. The results show that the nitrogen compounds brought in by crude oil are mainly concentrated in the residue fraction, and the nitrogen compounds in oil phase materials are mainly concentrated in the atmospheric residue fraction, which can reach 40.48%; The content of morpholine nitrides in neutralizing amine was the highest, reaching 12.09%; Ammonia nitrogen and morpholine nitrides are contained in the normal top, reduced top and stable top sewage, and 22.43 mg/L organic nitrides are contained in the purified water. The nitrogen in the sulfur-containing sewage at the tower top mainly comes from the neutralizer and purified water injected at the tower top; There are few nitrides in normal top oil and top circulating oil. It can be seen from the nitride balance results in the aqueous phase material that the loss is as high as 93.25%. All the loss parts enter the oil phase, some are carried to the downstream device, and some provide nitrogen source for salt deposition.

Key words: atmospheric tower, nitrogen balance, oil phase, water phase, nitrides

摘要： 针对3号常减压蒸馏装置常压塔铵盐结晶堵塞的问题，分析了常压塔塔顶氮的来源。结果显示：原油带入的含氮化合物主要集中在渣油馏分，油相物料中氮化物主要集中在常压渣油馏分，其质量分数可达到40.48%;中和胺中吗啉类氮化物含量最高，其质量分数达到12.09%;常压塔塔顶、减压塔塔顶和稳压塔塔顶污水中含有氨氮和吗啉类氮化物，净化水中含有质量浓度为22.43 mg/L的有机氮化物，塔顶含硫污水中的氮主要来自塔顶注入的中和剂和净化水；常压塔塔顶油和常压塔塔顶循环油中的氮化物很少。从水相物料中氮化物平衡结果可知，损失高达93.25%,损失部分全部进入油相中，一部分携带到下游装置，一部分为结盐提供氮源。

关键词: 常压塔, 氮平衡, 油相, 水相, 氮化物