Abstract:

Molecular distillation, as a low carbon and environmental protection emerging separation technology, shows unique advantages in the separation process of high boiling point and heat sensitive substances, and is in an active period of development and utilization at domestic and international. The article systematically introduces the separation principle, separation process, influencing factors, etc. of molecular distillation technology, and summarizes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of molecular distillation itself and the advantages and disadvantages of different distillation equipment. Its applications in petrochemical industry such as oil separation, oil analysis and waste oil recovery are compared. At the same time, it is pointed out that the basic theoretical research of molecular distillation technology is insufficient at the present stage, especially in the establishment of hydrodynamics, mass and heat transfer mathematical simulation model of reaction process, and suggestions for expanding the scale of industrial application are put forward.

Key words: molecular distillation, distillation principle, distillation equipment, influence factor, heavy oil separation, waste lubricating oil recovery, heat-sensitive, mean free path

摘要：

分子蒸馏作为一种低碳、环保的新兴分离技术，在高沸点、热敏性物质的分离过程中展现出独特优势，国内外正处于开发利用的活跃期。文中系统介绍了分子蒸馏技术的分离原理、分离过程、影响因素等，并对分子蒸馏自身的优缺点、不同蒸馏设备之间的优缺点进行了总结对比，重点探讨了其在油品分离、油品分析、废油品回收等石油化工领域的应用。指出现阶段对分子蒸馏技术的基础理论研究不足，尤其是在反应过程的流体力学、传质传热数学仿真模型建立方面，并对扩大工业实际应用规模提出了建议。

关键词: 分子蒸馏, 蒸馏原理, 蒸馏设备, 影响因素, 重油分离, 废润滑油回收, 热敏性, 平均自由程