Abstract:

Biological contact oxidation coupled with biological activated carbon process is proposed to solve the difficulties in achieving stable and high energy consumption treatment high salt sewage in refining and chemical enterprises. Salt-tolerant bacteria are successfully acclimated by gradually increasing the influent salt content, and then the biological contact oxidation unit is activated. The biofilm in the pool is well attached, and the denitrification and carbon removal effect is remarkable. The effluent COD can be stably controlled below 90 mg/L, and total nitrogen is below 15 mg/L. The results of flora analysis reveals in the high-salt sewage environment, significant alterations in the number and diversity of flora in the contact oxidation unit biofilm compared to the inoculated sludge. The predominant functional bacteria identified are Thiovirga, Thauera, Flavobacterium, Gemnobacter, Hydrogenophaga, etc. In the biological activated carbon unit, the organic combination of salt resistant and efficient bacterial agents with activated carbon has improved the resistance to influent COD fluctuations. A biofilm is formed on the surface of the activated carbon. The system operates stably. The effluent COD can be stably controlled below 60 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is below 2 mg/L, and total nitrogen is below 15 mg/L. The entire process is centered around biodegradation, with a short process flow and low operating costs. This study provides technical support for the standard treatment of high salt sewage in refining and chemical enterprises.

Key words: biological contact oxidation, biological activated carbon, refining high salt sewage, flora structure, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, filler hanging film

摘要：

针对炼化企业废水盐含量高、稳定达标处理难、能耗高等问题，提出了生物接触氧化-生物活性炭工艺。通过梯度提高进水盐含量的方法成功驯化出耐盐菌，启动了生物接触氧化单元，池中生物挂膜良好，脱氮除碳效果显著，出水COD(化学需氧量)可稳定控制在90 mg/L以下，总氮在15 mg/L以下。菌群分析结果表明，在高盐含量(高盐)废水环境中，接触氧化单元生物膜中菌群数量和多样性较接种污泥发生明显改变，主要功能菌为Thiovirga、Thauera、Flavobacterium、Gemmobacter、Hydrogenophaga等。在生物活性炭单元，通过耐盐高效菌剂与活性炭的有机结合，提高了该单元对进水COD波动的抗冲击能力，活性炭表面形成生物膜，系统运行稳定，可控制出水COD基本在60 mg/L以下，氨氮质量浓度在2 mg/L以下，总氮在15 mg/L以下。全流程以生物降解为核心，工艺流程短、运行成本低，为高盐污水的稳定达标处理提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 生物接触氧化, 生物活性炭, 炼化高盐污水, 菌群结构, COD, 氨氮, 总氮, 填料挂膜