Abstract: The emergency pressure relief rate is crucial for the safe operation of high-pressure hydrogenation units during accident handling. The emergency pressure relief rate of the unit is related to the parameters such as the diameter of the emergency pressure relief system's orifice plate. This paper introduces a method for checking the diameter of the orifice plate in the emergency pressure relief system of an ebullated-bed residue hydrocracking unit. By theoretical calculation, it verifies whether the pressure relief rate of the unit meets the design requirements and further calculates the actual required orifice plate diameter, thereby significantly reducing the number of tests and shortening the startup and commissioning time. Taking an oil refinery's ebullated-bed residue hydrocracking unit as the research object, during the commissioning stage of the unit, the interlock conditions were activated under high-pressure hydrogen conditions, and the emergency pressure relief valve button was manually opened for emergency pressure relief testing. The diameter of the orifice plate was changed from 34.5 mm to 41.0 mm according to the calculation formula, and it was verified to meet the actual production requirements after testing.

Key words: font-family:-apple-system, blinkmacsystemfont, ", font-size:14px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">ebullated-bed, residue hydrocracking, emergency pressure relief, restriction orifice plate, starting interlock, pressure relief rate

摘要：

在事故处理中，高压加氢装置的紧急泄压速率对于安全生产至关重要。装置的紧急泄压速率与紧急泄压系统限流孔板孔径等参数相关。文中介绍了一种沸腾床渣油加氢裂化装置紧急泄压系统限流孔板孔径的校对计算方法。通过理论计算验证装置的泄压速率是否满足设计要求，进一步计算实际需要的孔板孔径，从而大大减少了试验次数，缩短开工试车时间。以某炼油厂沸腾床渣油加氢裂化装置为研究对象，装置在试车阶段，高压氢气工况下启动联锁条件，手动打开紧急泄压阀按钮进行紧急泄压试验。根据计算公式校核孔板孔径，把试验孔板孔径由34.5mm改为41.0mm，经过试验验证满足实际生产要求。

关键词: font-family:-apple-system, blinkmacsystemfont, ", font-size:14px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">沸腾床, 渣油加氢裂化, 紧急泄压, 限流孔板, 启动联锁, 泄压速率