Abstract: A summary was made on multiple operating cycles of the residue hydrogenation unit of Sinochem Quanzhou Petrochemical Co., Ltd. It was found that the metal capacity and utilization rate of the catalyst in the upflow reactor were lower than those in the fixed-bed reactor, and the five reactors had the problem of asynchronous deactivation during the catalyst operating cycle. In order to effectively improve the catalyst utilization rate of the unit, a two-stage combined catalyst replacement scheme was proposed and successfully completed the industrial application practice in the eighth and ninth cycles of catalyst operation. The catalysts of the fourth and fifth reactors accumulated operation for 609d during the combined catalyst replacement cycle. All indicators of the target product met the production requirements, and 25% of the fresh catalyst loading was saved during the combined catalyst replacement cycle. The operating status of the unit during the combined catalyst replacement cycle was summarized, and the protection requirements for the catalyst during the shutdown period of the combined catalyst replacement were analyzed, providing reference experience for the efficient use of catalysts in the heavy oil processing industry.

Key words: residue hydrogenation unit, fixed-bed, catalyst, combined catalyst replacement, utilization rate, removal rate, reactor, pressure drop

摘要： 对中化泉州石化有限公司渣油加氢装置多个运行周期进行了总结，发现：上流式反应器催化剂的容金属能力和催化剂利用率比固定床反应器低，５ 台反应器在催化剂运行周期内存在失活不同步的问题。为了有效提高装置催化剂利用率，提出了两段式组合换剂方案，并在催化剂运行的第八、第九周期成功完成了工业应用实践。第四反应器、第五反应器催化剂在组合换剂周期内累计运行６０９ｄ，目标产品各项指标均满足生产要求，且在组合换剂周期内节约了２５％的新 鲜催化剂装填量。对装置在组合换剂周期的运行情况进行了总结，并分析了组合换剂停工期 间对催化剂的保护要求，为行业重油加工催化剂的高效利用提供了借鉴经验。

关键词: 渣油加氢装置, 固定床, 催化剂, 组合换剂, 利用率, 脱除率, 反应器, 压力降