Petroleum Refinery Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 16-19.

• PROCESSING • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of key corrosion factors of the oil and gas system at the top of the atmospheric tower in the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit

Yuan Taizhong   

  1. SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation, Beijing 100101
  • Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-20

常减压装置常压塔顶油气系统腐蚀关键因素分析

原太忠   

  1. 中国石化工程建设有限公司，北京市 100101
  • 作者简介:原太忠，高级工程师，本科，2008年毕业于北京化工大学过程装备与控制工程专业，主要从事压力容器设计及项目管理工作。联系电话：010-84875134，E-mail：yuantai@zhong.sinopec.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油化工股份有限公司科技开发项目（CLY24037）

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Abstract:

Based on the on-site corrosion conditions, the influencing factors of corrosion in the oil and gas system at the top of the atmospheric tower are divided into three levels: direct influencing factors of corrosion; the source and distribution of corrosive media; indirect influencing factors of corrosion (converting direct influencing factors of corrosion into process-related factors of the equipment). The method to solve the corrosion of oil and gas at the top of the atmospheric tower is obtained: controlling the content and type of chloride in the feedstock to reduce the HCl content carried into the top of the atmospheric tower; injecting water to reduce the dew point temperature, which is the most critical factor in solving chloride corrosion. Therefore, paying attention to the impact of changes in the amount of injected stripping steam on the dew point temperature, and selecting appropriate neutralizing agents, corrosion inhibitors, and materials resistant to chloride corrosion are necessary to effectively solve the problem of corrosion of oil and gas at the top of the atmospheric tower.

Key words: atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, atmospheric tower, oil and gas system, corrosion mechanism, chloride, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, chlorine

摘要：

通过分析常减压装置常压塔顶（常顶）油气腐蚀的影响因素，结合现场腐蚀情况，将常顶油气腐蚀的各种影响因素分为3个层次：腐蚀的直接影响因素；腐蚀介质的来源和分布；腐蚀的间接影响因素（将腐蚀的直接影响因素转化为装置工艺相关的因素）。解决常顶油气腐蚀的方法：控制进料氯化物的含量和种类，减少带入常顶的HCl的含量；注水可降低水露点温度，足够的注水量是解决氯化物腐蚀最关键的因素。因此，应关注注入汽提蒸汽量的变化对露点温度的影响，选择合适的中和剂和缓蚀剂以及合适的抗氯化物腐蚀的材料，才能有效解决常顶油气腐蚀问题。

关键词: 常减压装置, 常压塔, 油气系统, 腐蚀机理, 氯化物, pH值, 氨氮, 氯