The distillation unit of a residue hydrogenation unit suffers from severe corrosion and even leakage in the top tray and tower body of the hydrogen sulfide stripping tower, the top volatile line, the top air cooler, and the top tray of the distillation tower due to the presence of H₂S, NH₃, and chloride ions. A detailed analysis of the corrosion conditions of the two towers revealed that the corrosion of the hydrogen sulfide stripping tower is mainly characterized by wet H₂S corrosion and NH₄Cl salt formation corrosion, while the corrosion of the distillation tower is mainly characterized by wet H₂S corrosion. The corrosion problems of the system were resolved by upgrading the materials of the relevant equipment and trays, increasing continuous water injection, and adding desalting facilities. The following recommendations are made: Corrosion prevention work should strengthen raw material control to prevent the content of corrosive impurities in the raw materials from exceeding the design value; strengthen production operation management, pay attention to reaction system water injection, oil-water separation, and stripping effect; strengthen thickness measurement monitoring to detect and deal with corrosion problems in time to prevent corrosion from worsening and causing leakage; accelerate the application and development of new corrosion prevention technologies and materials.

margin:0px 0px 16px, padding:0px, border:0px, font-size:16px, vertical-align:baseline, color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), background-color:#FFFFFF, "> residue hydrogenation, distillation unit, top system, wet hydrogen sulfide corrosion, ammonium chloride salt formation, under-deposit corrosion

某渣油加氢装置分馏单元因H₂S、NH₃及氯离子的存在，脱硫化氢汽提塔顶部塔盘和塔体、塔顶挥发线、塔顶空气冷却器和分馏塔塔顶塔盘发生严重腐蚀甚至泄漏。对两塔腐蚀情况进行详细分析发现：脱硫化氢汽提塔的腐蚀主要表现为湿H₂S腐蚀和CH₄Cl结盐腐蚀；分馏塔的腐蚀主要表现为湿H₂S腐蚀。通过采取升级相应设备和塔盘的材料、增加连续注水、增设脱盐设施等措施解决了系统的腐蚀问题。提出以下建议：防腐工作要加强原料管控，防止原料中的腐蚀性杂质含量超过设防值；加强生产运行管理，注意反应系统注水、油水分离及汽提效果；加强测厚监测手段，及时发现并处置腐蚀问题，防止腐蚀恶化造成泄漏；加快防腐新技术、新材料的利用和开发。

margin:0px 0px 16px, padding:0px, border:0px, font-size:16px, vertical-align:baseline, color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), background-color:#FFFFFF, "> 渣油加氢, 分馏单元, 塔顶系统, 湿硫化氢腐蚀, 氯化铵结盐, 垢下腐蚀