Abstract: The vortex finder is the core component of the vortex separator, and its insertion depth and diameter are critical to the separation performance. To further clarify the relationship between the maximum efficiency insertion depth and diameter of the vortex finder, a combined method of numerical simulation and experiments is employed to analyze the effects of the insertion depth on the separation efficiency and flow field under different diameters of the vortex finder. The results indicate that as the insertion depth of the vortex finder increases, the separation efficiency of the vortex separator first increases and then decreases, revealing the existence of a maximum efficiency insertion depth, which varies with the diameter of the vortex finder. The flow field mechanism forming the maximum efficiency insertion depth is also revealed. Based on experimental data, a formula for calculating the maximum efficiency insertion depth of the vortex finder is derived, aiming to provide assistance for the design of vortex finders in vortex separators.

Key words: cyclone separator, vortex finder, insertion depth, diameter, separation efficiency, tangential velocity, axial velocity

摘要： 升气管作为旋风分离器的核心组成部分，其插入深度和直径对分离性能至关重要。为进一步明确升气管最大效率插入深度与直径的关系，采用数值模拟与试验相结合的方法，分析了不同直径下升气管插入深度对分离效率和流场的影响。结果表明：随着升气管插入深度的增大，旋风分离器分离效率先增大后减小，存在最大效率插入深度，且最大效率插入深度随升气管直径变化而变化。同时揭示了形成最大效率插入深度的流场机制。依据试验数据拟合了升气管最大效率插入深度的计算式，以期为旋风分离器升气管的设计提供帮助。

关键词: 旋风分离器, 升气管, 插入深度, 直径, 分离效率, 切向速度, 轴向速度