【Objective】To investigate the execution status to different nutritional medical therapy and the impact on pulmonary function, skeletal muscle mass and function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated by sarcopenia.【Methods】A randomized controlled trial was conducted, enrolling 159 COPD patients with sarcopenia who were randomly divided into three groups. These groups received oral nutritional supplementation (Group A), a high-fat, high-protein natural diet (Group B), or a high-energy balanced diet (standard control Group C), respectively. All groups were combined with respiratory and physical exercise rehabilitation training, reinforced by WeChat follow-up check-ins. The execution status to the three nutritional regimens and changes in pulmonary function, body weight, BMI, skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle index (SMI), grip strength, and other parameters were compared.【Results】Groups A and B exhibited higher proportions of meeting energy and protein intake targets compared to Group C. After 2 weeks of nutritional therapy, the energy intake compliance rates in Groups A and B were (86.84±2.37)% and (87.56±2.74)%, respectively, higher than that in Group C (77.48±6.34)%. The protein intake compliance rates in Groups A and B were (93.01±3.98)% and (95.85±4.82)%, respectively, higher than that in Group C (76.46±5.67)%, with statistically significant differences (H=71.48, F=243.306, all P<0.001). After 4 weeks of nutritional therapy, energy intake met the target in all three groups without significant differences between groups. However, the protein intake compliance rates in Groups A and B were (101.65±5.25)% and (101.98±7.00)%, respectively, higher than that in Group C (92.84±3.63)%, with a statistically significant difference between groups (H=67.455, P<0.001). After 8 weeks of nutritional therapy, improvements in SMI, BMI, and grip strength were observed in all groups. The increases in SMI (0.47±0.26, 0.41±0.21, kg/m2), BMI (0.60±1.33, 0.72±1.24, kg/m2), and grip strength (11.25±2.32, 10.68±2.31, kg) in Groups A and B were significantly greater than those in Group C (0.21±0.16, 0.49±0.23, and 5.08±1.28, respectively), with all P-values <0.05. The increases in FVC (0.62±0.13, 0.81±0.24 L) and FEV1 (0.40±0.10, 0.67±0.15, L) in Groups A and B were higher than those in Group C (0.38±0.15, 0.26±0.07, L), with all P-values <0.05. Group B showed a more significant reduction in CAT scores compared to Groups A and C, with a statistically significant difference (H=141.714, P<0.001). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the increases in FVC, FEV1, grip strength, and the decrease in CAT scores were positively correlated with changes in SMI (r=0.423, 0.334, 0.435, 0.542, respectively) and appendicular muscle mass (r=0.425, 0.334, 0.440, 0.558, respectively), with all P-values <0.05. 【Conclusion】Both oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) and the high-fat, high-protein regimen demonstrated good execution status and efficacy in improving pulmonary function, skeletal muscle mass, and function, making them suitable for COPD patients with sarcopenia.

【 Objective】 To comprehensively review and analyze research on nutritional strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using bibliometric analysis, uncovering the research status, hotspot evolution, and future trends of this field.【 Method】 English-language articles and reviews on COPD nutritional strategies published in the Web of Science Core Collection were retrieved and visualized using CiteSpace. 【 Result】 A total of 1 993 publications from 109 countries and 605 institutions were included in the analysis. The United States and China made the most significant contributions. The number of publications on research into nutritional strategies for COPD showed an increasing trend year by year. Maastricht University contributed the most in this field. A total of 981 authors participated in research in this area, among whom Schols Annemie M W J and Wouters EFM demonstrated high research activity. Keyword analysis indicated that exploring the basic pathological mechanisms of COPD nutritional strategies, developing nutritional assessment systems, and optimizing in-depth clinical practice were research hotspots in this field. Precision nutritional support, multi-target multidisciplinary comprehensive interventions, and the integration of new technologies were identified as research frontiers. 【 Conclusion】Research on COPD nutritional strategies is active and holds high researchvalue. However, international collaboration and the translation of research findings still require improvement. In the future, further deepening the concept of precision nutrition, fully leveraging interdisciplinary advantages, and strengthening the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as genomics, metabolomics, and gut microecology with clinical medicine will become a trend.

【 Objective】 To investigate the relationship between dietary nitrate intake and exercise tolerance and lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . 【 Method】 A total of 164 COPD patients admitted to Tangshan People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected. The nitrate content <76. 8 mg/d was included in the low intake group (n=84), and the nitrate content ≥76. 8 mg/d was included in the high intake group (n=80) . The general data, exercise tolerance, and lung function of the two groups were compared, and the patients 'exercise tolerance and lung function were analyzed in subgroups . The group with good exercise tolerance and good lung function was group A, the group with poor exercise tolerance and good lung function or the group with good exercise tolerance and poor lung function was group B, and the group with poor exercise tolerance and lung function was group C.The intake of vegetable nitrate, non-vegetable nitrate, and total dietary nitrate were compared. 【 Result】 The 6MWT of patients in the high intake group was higher than that in the low intake group, and the mMRC score was lower than that in the low intake group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05) . FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC in patients in the high intake group were higher than those in the low intake group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05) . The intake of vegetable nitrate and total dietary nitrate in patients in group A was higher than that in groups B and C, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05) . There was no statistical significance in comparison of non-vegetable intakes (P>0. 05) . The intake of vegetable nitrate in patients in the three groups was significantly higher than that in non-vegetable intakes.【Conclusion】 Higher dietary nitrate intake can help COPD patients improve exercise tolerance and lung function, and COPD patients can appropriately increase their vegetable intake.

【 Objective】 To review the sources of hydrogen in the human body, the preventive and therapeutic effects of hydrogen on various diseases, and common hydrogen rich products, in order to provide scientific basis for the research and development of hydrogen rich foods. 【 Method】 By searching keywords through databases such as CNKI, Web of Science, and Wanfang, we searched for domestic and foreign literature on hydrogen medicine and hydrogen rich products, and selected 40 articles for literature review. 【 Result】 The selective antioxidant ability of hydrogen has been widely applied in the medical field, and has potential therapeutic effects on some common human diseases. As a representative of hydrogen rich health food, hydrogen rich water is elaborated on its preparation process and hydrogen content detection methods. 【 Conclusion】 As a new type of therapeutic gas in the medical field, hydrogen has varying degrees of therapeutic effects on common diseases in the human body. Hydrogen rich health foods, represented by hydrogen rich water, are gradually appearing in people's daily lives, laying the foundation for the future development of hydrogen rich health foods

【 Objective】 To obtain the optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of polysaccharides from Datong Hemerocallis citrina Baroni, and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the purified polysaccharides. 【 Method】 The ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of polysaccharides from Hemerocallis citrina Baroni was optimized by a single-factor experiment and Box-Behnken response surface methodology. The antioxidant activities of polysaccharides were also investigated after the polysaccharides were deproteinized by papain.【 Result】 The optional extraction parameters were: solid-liquid ratio 25 g/mL, extraction power 186 W, extraction time 44 min, and extraction temperature 60 °C . The yield of crude polysaccharides was 6. 57%, and the predicted yield was 6. 72% under the optimized conditions. The protein removal rate of the papain method was 55. 93%. It was shown that the antioxidant activities including ABTS + · scavenging ability, DPPH · scavenging ability and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) ability of the purified polysaccharides were positively related to polysaccharides mass concentration. When the mass concentration of purified polysaccharides was 3. 0 mg/mL, ABTS + · scavenging rate, DPPH · scavenging rate and FRAP ability reached 24. 72%, 40. 46% and 0. 104 6 FeSO 4 mmol/L, respectively. 【 Conclusion】 The results of the study will provide theoretical basis for further development and utilization of Datong Hemerocallis citrina Baroni.

【Objective】 To understand consumption habits and quality requirements for Chaoshou of different crowds and establish a sensory evaluation method for Chaoshou wrapper for consumers. 【Methods】 A survey questionnaire was used to collected the consumption habits. The survey targeted crowds of different genders, age groups, income levels, and residential regions to understand their consumption habits and quality requirements for Chaoshou. 【Results】 Consumers focused on the taste of the filling (70.23%) and texture of the wrapper (67.56%). 90.57% of consumers chose to purchase raw wrapper from markets when making Chaoshou. Different crowds had varying requirements for the quality of Chaoshou wrapper. Consumers paid more attention to the thickness, softness/hardness, and color of raw Chaoshou wrapper, with a preference for a slightly yellow hue. For cooked Chaoshou wrapper, consumers prioritized smoothness, color, softness/hardness, and elasticity, again preferring a slightly yellow hue. The sensory evaluation quality elements were selected based on the results, and scored according to the proportion of consumers’ attention to different requirements. 【Conclusion】 The sensory evaluation criteria for raw Chaoshou wrapper included the following scoring elements: "color" (20 points), "thickness" (25 points), "softness/hardness" (25 points), "adhesion" (15 points), and "toughness" (15 points). For cooked Chaoshou wrapper, the scoring elements were: "color" (20 points), "apparent state" (15 points), "smoothness" (25 points), "softness/hardness" (20 points), "elasticity" (15 points), "stickiness to tooth" (5 points), and "resistance to soaking" (10 points).

Objective To understand the levels of cognition, attitudes, and consumption behaviors of sugar among residents in China, providing strategic references for scientifically educating consumers on sugar reduction. Method A total of 3172 responses were collected nationwide through random sampling via the internet, and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. Result The survey primarily targeted individuals aged 19-39, with 75.35% having received higher education. 46.42% (1473/3172) were unfamiliar with BMI, while 79.22% (2513/3172) were unaware of recommended sugar intake limits, with a high error rate in identifying sweeteners. 58.10% (1843/3172) of respondents held a positive attitude towards sugar. 66.83% (2120/3171) engaged in sugar control behaviors, with 71.25% (2260/3172), 57.94% (1838/3172), and 33.73% (1070/3172) believing in the need to control pre-packaged foods, sweet dishes, and sugars from fruits and vegetables, respectively. However, the actual implementation rates through corresponding channels were 52.08% (1652/3172), 7.03% (223/3172), and 7.35% (233/3172), respectively. Conclusion Consumers in China lack sufficient knowledge related to sugar, and their sugar control behaviors exhibit certain blind spots, overlooking the importance of reducing sugar in cooking. Continuous dissemination of health concepts through public education is recommended to promote changes in cooking behaviors. Furthermore, behavior interventions should be conducted through label identification education to achieve positive effects in scientifically reducing sugar consumption.

【 Objective】 To summarize the structure, biological activity and application of water soluble soybean polysaccharide.【 Method】 We searched the databases of CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, etc. , consulted and summarized elevant literature . The search results were up to 2022. 【 Result】 Water-soluble soybean polysaccharide could be extracted from the bean residue, the structure is stable,with polyrhamnose galacturonic acid and polygalacturonic acid as the main chain, with polyarabinose and polygalactose as the side chain.It has various biological activities, including lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, anti-tumor, decreasing blood sugar, adjusting intestinal flora, protecting kidney and other biological activities. Chemical modifications of sulfation,carboxymethylation and metal complexation could enhance the biological activities of water-soluble soybean polysaccharide. Also, acetylation and esterification reaction are able to optimize water-soluble soybean polysaccharide’ s physical characteristics. In the field of food application, water-soluble soybean polysaccharide maintain food stability, excellent emulsification, good frost protection characteristics, etc.【 Conclusion】 The biological activities of water- soluble soybean polysaccharide have a good prospect to develop a variety of functional food.It could be developed in various forms of dietary fiber supplements.

【 Objective】 Totally 20 species of fruits cultivated in Hainan were selected to determine the anthocyanin content in their pulp and peel. 【 Method】 The anthocyanin content was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer, and 17 anthocyanin components were determined using UPLC-MS/MS. Cluster analysis was performed on the pulp and peel separately, with anthocyanin content as the variable. The results showed that fruits with dark-colored pulp had higher anthocyanin content and total anthocyanin component amounts than those with light-colored pulp. 【 Result】 The fruits with dark-colored pulp had higher anthocyanin content and total anthocyanin component amounts than those with light-colored pulp. All dark-colored pulp fruits contained six anthocyanin components, namely cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin, petunidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, and pelargonidin. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside was universally present in all fruit peels. Among the peels, purple fig had the highest anthocyanin content and the total amount of 17 anthocyanin components. Among the pulp, the mulberry had the highest anthocyanin content and the total amount of 17 anthocyanin components. Cluster analysis was performed on the pulp and peel using anthocyanin content and total anthocyanin components as indicators. The overall distribution trends were similar, with the pulp divided into two categories and the peel divided into four categories.【 Conclusion】 This study can provide an understanding of the distribution of anthocyanins in Hainan fruits and offers a reference for selecting fruits with high anthocyanin content and promoting the diversified utilization of fruits.

【 Objective】 To explore the differences in nutritional composition of different nuts and evaluate the nutritional quality of nuts comprehensively. 

【 Method】 Totally six common nuts including walnuts, almonds, pecans, caschews, hazelnuts, and macadamia nuts were used as the research objects, their total nutritional and functional components and their fatty acid composition and the index were analyzed and evaluated. Amino acid composition and ratio coefficient of different nuts were analyzed, and the nutritional quality of different nuts was comprehensively evaluated using “The Three-Degree Model”. 【 Result】 The nuts and nut oil are rich in various essential nutrients required by the human body, and they also contain various bioactive ingredients. There are varying degrees of differences in the composition indicators of different types of nuts and nut oils. Quality evaluation results showed that nuts and nut oils are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and they have low AI and TI values, which can effectively prevent chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Nuts have a complete range of essential amino acids and high protein nutritional value and cashew has the highest ratio coefficient score among them .【 Conclusion】 From high to low, the nutritional value of six types of nuts is walnuts, cashew nuts, almonds, pecans, hazelnuts, and macadamia nuts which were calculated by the three-degree model. The research results can provide reference for enterprises and consumers to match nutrient balanced nut combinations and classify and grade the nutritional quality of nuts.

【 Objective】 With the increasing demand and attention of people on nutrition and health, the traditional "one-size-fits-all"nutrition strategy can no longer meet people's health needs. Taking into account individual differences in nutrient metabolism and responses to diet, precision nutrition offers a more comprehensive and dynamic solution. 【 Method】 Based on the method of evidence-based medicine, the concept and development of precision nutrition were systematically summarized by reviewing domestic and international literature. 【 Result】 Precision nutrition through traditional nutrition, bioomics and information technology, based on evidence-based science, quantitative evaluation of individual or subgroup nutritional status, targeted to provide comprehensive and dynamic dietary guidance or clinical nutrition support, in order to achieve the purpose of nutrition improvement, health promotion and disease treatment. 【 Conclusion】 Faced with the challenges of nutrition, health and chronic disease prevention in the new era of China, it is necessary to integrate nutrition, the latest theories and technologies of biology, medicine and information such as multi-omics and big data, and promote the development of precision nutrition industry to meet the major health needs such as improving the quality of life, preventing and treating chronicdiseases.

【 Objective】 To investigate the effects of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on cognitive function in mice and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. 【 Method】 Totally 16 8-month-old SPF-level C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group and high-AGEs group. The mice were fed either a standard diet or an AGEs-rich diet for 16 weeks. During the feeding period, body weight and food intake were recorded. After the feeding period, the Morris water maze test, shuttle box test, and nesting behavior study were used to assess the mice's learning, memory, and daily activity abilities. Additionally, serum inflammatory cytokine levels were measured. 【 Result】 Compared to the control group, the high-AGEs group showed significantly reduced food intake (P<0. 05) . The Morris water maze test revealed significant impairments in spatial learning and memory (P<0. 05) . The shuttle box test indicated a significant decline in conditioned learning and memory (P<0. 05), and the nesting behavior study showed reduced daily activity abilities (P<0. 05) . Serum IL-1β levels were significantly elevated in the high-AGEs group (P<0. 05) . 【 Conclusion】 Dietary AGEs may impair cognitive function in mice, potentially through mechanisms involving inflammatory responses.